TSH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma (TSHoma)

A rare pituitary adenoma causing central hyperthyroidism through TSH secretion.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 10, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Endokrinoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is TSH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma (TSHoma)?

TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma (TSHoma) is a rare tumor accounting for less than 1% of all pituitary adenomas. Non-suppressed TSH despite elevated free T3 and T4 levels suggests the disease, and it must be distinguished from thyroid hormone resistance syndrome.

TSHomas often present as macroadenomas, and 25% co-secrete other hormones (GH or prolactin). Compressive symptoms such as visual field defects and headaches are common.

Diagnosis involves the TRH test, T3 suppression test, and α-subunit/TSH ratio assessment. The first-line treatment is transsphenoidal surgery, while somatostatin analogs are also effective.

Symptoms

Hyperthyroidism findings (palpitations, heat intolerance, weight loss)

Goiter (thyroid enlargement)

Headache and visual field defects

Menstrual irregularity and galactorrhea (with concurrent prolactin excess)

Acromegalic features (with concurrent GH excess)

Fatigue and muscle weakness

Diplopia (cavernous sinus invasion)

Risk Factors

MEN 1 syndrome

Prior history of thyroid disease

Long-untreated hypothyroidism (pituitary hyperplasia)

Family history of pituitary tumors

Older age

Genetic predisposition

Some familial endocrine syndromes

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

Hyperthyroidism findings together with headache
Non-suppressed TSH with elevated T3-T4
Narrowing of the visual field
Findings of acromegaly
Hyperthyroidism unresponsive to antithyroid therapy

Treatment Methods

Transsphenoidal surgery (first-line)

Somatostatin analogs (octreotide, lanreotide)

Radiotherapy (in resistant cases)

Antithyroid drugs or beta-blockers prior to surgery

Hormone replacement for hypopituitarism

Lifelong clinical and biochemical follow-up

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Endokrinoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.