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Iron Deficiency Anaemia

The most common nutritional anaemia caused by depletion of body iron stores

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department. Book Appointment →

What is Iron Deficiency Anaemia?

Iron deficiency anaemia is the most common nutritional anaemia worldwide and results from insufficient iron for haemoglobin synthesis.

Key causes include inadequate intake, malabsorption (coeliac disease, post-gastric surgery), increased requirement (pregnancy, growth), and chronic blood loss (heavy menses, gastrointestinal bleeding).

Diagnosis combines full blood count with low MCV and low MCH, alongside iron studies showing low serum ferritin.

Treatment replaces iron and investigates the underlying cause — in adults, gastrointestinal endoscopy is often needed to exclude occult malignancy.

Symptoms

Fatigue, weakness, and reduced exercise capacity
Pale skin and conjunctivae
Brittle nails (koilonychia) and hair loss
Pica (craving for ice, dirt, or starch)
Glossitis and angular cheilitis
Restless legs syndrome
Dizziness and poor concentration

Risk Factors

Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
Pregnancy and lactation
Vegetarian or vegan diet without monitoring
Coeliac disease or inflammatory bowel disease
History of gastric or bowel surgery (including bariatric)
Regular blood donation
Chronic NSAID or aspirin use

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If symptoms persist despite iron supplementation
  • If blood is seen in stool or urine
  • If dyspnoea or palpitations worsen
  • If serum ferritin is very low on laboratory testing
  • If weight loss or night sweats accompany the anaemia

Treatment Methods

01
Oral iron (ferrous sulphate or gluconate) daily or every other day
02
Take iron with vitamin C to enhance absorption
03
Avoid tea, coffee, and dairy at the time of iron dosing
04
Intravenous iron infusion for malabsorption, intolerance, or severe deficiency
05
Investigation and treatment of underlying bleeding source
06
Dietary improvement with red meat, legumes, and leafy greens

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.