The information on this website is not intended for diagnosis or treatment. Please consult your physician for health concerns.

+90 850 321 50 00

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) Management

Sustained elevation of blood pressure threatening heart, brain, and kidneys

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department. Book Appointment →

What is Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) Management?

Hypertension is defined as persistent blood pressure ≥130/80 mmHg (ACC/AHA) or ≥140/90 mmHg (ESC/ESH) on repeated measurement.

Primary (essential) hypertension accounts for 90-95% of cases with no single identifiable cause; secondary hypertension (5-10%) has a treatable cause such as renal disease, renal artery stenosis, or hormonal disorders.

Sustained elevation damages the vascular wall leading to left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary disease, stroke, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and hypertensive retinopathy.

Accurate diagnosis requires ambulatory blood pressure monitoring or standardised home readings, alongside assessment of cardiovascular risk.

Symptoms

Usually asymptomatic for years (hence the silent killer)
Severe occipital headache
Nosebleeds
Blurred or double vision
Palpitations and chest discomfort
Shortness of breath
Severe dizziness or altered consciousness during hypertensive crisis

Risk Factors

Family history of hypertension
Overweight or obesity
High salt intake
Sedentary lifestyle
Smoking and excessive alcohol use
Chronic stress
Advanced age (men >55 years, women >65 years)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Blood pressure ≥180/120 mmHg (hypertensive urgency/emergency)
  • Severe headache, chest pain, or shortness of breath
  • Sudden visual loss or speech difficulty
  • BP not controlled despite regular medication
  • Sudden limb weakness or numbness (possible stroke)

Treatment Methods

01
Lifestyle changes: salt restriction, regular exercise, weight loss
02
DASH diet (vegetables, fruits, low-fat dairy, whole grains)
03
Smoking cessation and limiting alcohol
04
Antihypertensive drugs: ACE inhibitors, ARBs, thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers
05
Home blood pressure monitoring with validated devices
06
Investigation and treatment of secondary causes where suspected

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

Book AppointmentContact Us

Related Health Topics

Other articles from the same department you may want to explore.

Anaemia

Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları)

Anaemia is a low haemoglobin level that reduces oxygen delivery, causing fatigue, pallor, and shortness of breath. It is not a disease itself but a sign of many underlying conditions. Most cases are correctable with appropriate diagnosis and treatment.

Iron Deficiency Anaemia

Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları)

Iron deficiency anaemia develops when dietary intake, absorption, or losses create an iron shortfall, most often affecting women and children. Identifying the underlying cause is the core of management, alongside iron replacement.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları)

Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause megaloblastic anaemia, neurological symptoms, and cognitive impairment. Early treatment with intramuscular or oral B12 largely prevents irreversible complications.

Chronic Kidney Disease

Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları)

Chronic kidney disease is one of the most common complications of chronic conditions such as diabetes and hypertension, and can be silent in its early stages.

Hepatitis B (HBV)

Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları)

Hepatitis B is a DNA virus infection causing acute and chronic hepatitis with risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma; diagnosis integrates HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBc, and HBV DNA with management based on disease phase using nucleos(t)ide analogues (entecavir, tenofovir) and universal infant vaccination.

Hepatitis C (HCV)

Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları)

Hepatitis C is an RNA virus causing chronic hepatitis that may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma; modern direct-acting antiviral (DAA) pangenotypic regimens (sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir) achieve sustained virologic response over 95% in 8–12 weeks with universal adult screening and cure for nearly all patients.

Fatty Liver Disease

Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely related to obesity and metabolic syndrome and is largely reversible with early treatment.

Liver Cirrhosis

Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları)

Cirrhosis is the common end point of many chronic liver diseases, leading to progressive deterioration of liver function.

Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.