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Anaemia

A reduction in healthy red blood cells impairing oxygen delivery to tissues

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department. Book Appointment →

What is Anaemia?

Anaemia is defined as a reduction in haemoglobin concentration below normal reference ranges (typically <13 g/dL in men, <12 g/dL in women), impairing the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity.

Iron-deficiency anaemia is the most common type worldwide; other causes include vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, anaemia of chronic disease, haemoglobinopathies (thalassaemia, sickle cell), and haemolytic anaemias.

Mild anaemia may be asymptomatic; as haemoglobin falls, fatigue, dyspnoea, and palpitations emerge.

Early diagnosis is critical — investigation of cause guides targeted treatment and most anaemias respond well to management.

Symptoms

Persistent fatigue and weakness
Pale skin, lips, and conjunctivae
Shortness of breath, especially on exertion
Palpitations and rapid heart rate
Dizziness and headache
Cold hands and feet
Difficulty concentrating and memory lapses

Risk Factors

Inadequate dietary intake (iron, B12, folate)
Chronic menstrual blood loss in women
Chronic diseases (chronic kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease)
Pregnancy and lactation
Family history of haemoglobinopathies
Age over 60 years
Gastrointestinal bleeding (peptic ulcer, haemorrhoids, colorectal pathology)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If severe fatigue and shortness of breath are not relieved by rest
  • If palpitations or chest pain accompany symptoms
  • If stool is black or bloody
  • If faintness or loss of consciousness occurs
  • If routine blood tests show a low haemoglobin level

Treatment Methods

01
Identification and treatment of the underlying cause
02
Oral iron supplementation or IV iron infusion for iron deficiency
03
Vitamin B12 or folate supplementation for specific deficiencies
04
Dietary improvement (red meat, legumes, leafy green vegetables)
05
Red cell transfusion in severe symptomatic anaemia
06
Management of chronic conditions contributing to anaemia

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) Department

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Iron Deficiency Anaemia

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.