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Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)

A serious reaction, usually drug-related, presenting with widespread erosions on the skin and mucosa.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dermatoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)?

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a severe mucocutaneous reaction that usually develops against medications, leading to widespread necrosis and detachment in the skin and mucosa. When less than 10% of the body surface is involved, it is called SJS; when more than 30% is involved, it is called toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN).

It begins with fever and fatigue; then a painful maculopapular rash and target-like lesions, fluid-filled blisters, and detachment of the epidermis are observed. The mouth, eyes, and genital region are almost always involved.

It is an emergency requiring intensive care-level treatment. Mortality depends on the extent of involvement and accompanying complications.

Symptoms

Fever, sore throat, and flu-like prodrome
Widespread red-purple spots and target lesions
Fluid-filled blisters and skin peeling
Severe erosions in the mouth and lips
Eye redness, photosensitivity, dryness
Genital and urinary mucosa involvement
Positive Nikolsky sign (skin stripping)

Risk Factors

Newly started medications (first 8 weeks)
Anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin)
Allopurinol
Sulfonamide antibiotics
NSAIDs (especially oxicam derivatives)
HIV infection and immunosuppression
Some HLA genetic subtypes (HLA-B*1502 etc.)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When fever and widespread rash develop after a new medication
  • When painful sores start in the mouth, eyes, or genital region
  • When blisters and peeling are seen on the skin (emergency)
  • When difficulty swallowing and blurred vision appear
  • When the patient's general condition deteriorates rapidly

Treatment Methods

01
Immediate discontinuation of the offending drug
02
Care in burn unit or intensive care settings
03
Fluid-electrolyte balance and nutritional support
04
Wound care, infection prevention, pain control
05
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), cyclosporine, or biologic agents
06
Multidisciplinary care for eye, oral, genital mucosa

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dermatoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dermatoloji Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.