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Rosacea

Chronic Inflammatory Facial Dermatosis with Flushing and Papulopustules

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Published:

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dermatoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Rosacea?

Neurovascular dysregulation with abnormal flushing response.

Innate immune overactivation (cathelicidin LL-37, TLR2) producing inflammation.

Demodex folliculorum density and skin microbiome alterations contribute.

Subtypes: erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous, ocular (often overlapping).

Symptoms

Recurrent flushing triggered by heat, alcohol, spicy food, emotion
Persistent central facial erythema and telangiectasias
Papules and sterile pustules without comedones
Burning, stinging, sensitive skin
Rhinophyma: thickened, nodular nose in advanced phymatous disease
Ocular rosacea: grittiness, dryness, lid margin disease, blepharitis

Risk Factors

Fair skin (Fitzpatrick I–II), Celtic or Northern European ancestry
Family history of rosacea
Age 30–60 years; female sex for ETR/PPR, male sex for phyma
Sun exposure, heat, and extreme temperatures
Alcohol, spicy foods, hot beverages
Topical steroid misuse and harsh skincare

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Persistent facial redness, burning, or new papulopustules
  • Eye irritation, blurred vision, or recurrent styes (ocular involvement)
  • Phymatous thickening or disfigurement of nose

Treatment Methods

01
Daily sunscreen, trigger diary, gentle skincare and barrier repair
02
Topical therapy: metronidazole, ivermectin, azelaic acid, brimonidine/oxymetazoline for erythema
03
Oral doxycycline (subantimicrobial or standard dose) for papulopustular and ocular disease
04
Isotretinoin in low dose for refractory/phymatous disease under specialist care
05
Vascular laser (PDL) and intense pulsed light for erythema and telangiectasia
06
Surgical/laser debulking for rhinophyma; ocular surface care with lid hygiene and artificial tears

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dermatoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dermatoloji Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.