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Skin Involvement in Scleroderma

Clinical evaluation of skin thickening, hardening, and vascular changes, which are key findings of systemic sclerosis.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dermatoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Skin Involvement in Scleroderma?

Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) is a connective tissue disease caused by autoimmune-triggered excessive collagen deposition, microvascular damage, and immune activation, producing fibrosis in the skin and internal organs.

Skin involvement initially progresses with swelling in the fingers (puffy hands), followed by skin thickening, hardening, and shining. Restriction of facial expression (mask facies), microstomia (mouth narrowing), and flexion contractures in the fingers may develop.

Localized (morphea) and systemic (limited and diffuse cutaneous) forms exist. In the systemic form, involvement of the lungs, heart, kidneys, and digestive system determines the disease prognosis.

Symptoms

Finger swelling followed by skin thickening
Raynaud's phenomenon (color change in fingers)
Restriction of facial expression and sharpening of the nose
Non-healing wounds and ulcers at fingertips
Tongue shortening (short frenulum) and lines around the mouth
Telangiectasias (capillary dilations on face, hands, and chest)
Calcinosis cutis (lime deposits in the skin)

Risk Factors

Female gender (at a ratio of 4:1)
Onset between ages 30-50
Silica and organic solvent exposure
Family history and HLA-related genes
Some medications (bleomycin, cocaine)
CMV and other viral infections (trigger hypothesis)
Association with other autoimmune diseases

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • In recurring Raynaud's attacks in the fingers
  • With progressive stiffness in hands and face
  • Non-healing wounds at the fingertip
  • When shortness of breath, difficulty swallowing, or reflux develops
  • With sudden high blood pressure and kidney dysfunction (scleroderma renal crisis)

Treatment Methods

01
Calcium channel blockers (nifedipine) for Raynaud's
02
Iloprost, bosentan for digital ulcers
03
Immunosuppressants (mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate)
04
Cyclophosphamide, nintedanib for lung involvement
05
Physical therapy and skin moisturizing
06
Multidisciplinary follow-up (rheumatology, cardiology, pulmonology, nephrology)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dermatoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dermatoloji Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.