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Shingles (Herpes Zoster)

A painful rash disease caused by reactivation of the chickenpox virus contracted in childhood.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dermatoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Shingles (Herpes Zoster)?

Shingles (herpes zoster) develops when the Varicella-zoster virus, the agent of childhood chickenpox, lies dormant in nerve roots (dorsal root ganglion) after recovery and reactivates years later.

The disease typically manifests as severe pain progressing in a band-like pattern along one dermatome (skin area corresponding to a nerve root), followed by a blistering rash. The trunk, face (trigeminal nerve), and neck region are most commonly affected.

The acute phase lasts 2-4 weeks; however, in elderly and immunocompromised individuals, a complication called postherpetic neuralgia with long-lasting severe pain may develop. In eye involvement (herpes zoster ophthalmicus), there is a risk of vision loss.

Symptoms

Unilateral burning, electric shock-like pain
Pain, itching, and sensitivity 1-3 days before rash
Band or stripe-shaped redness and blisters
Blisters that merge, burst, and form crusts
Fever, chills, and fatigue
Eye redness and pain if there is involvement around the eye
Persistent nerve pain after crusts fall off (postherpetic neuralgia)

Risk Factors

Advanced age (risk increases significantly at 60 and older)
Immune system suppression (HIV, cancer, immunosuppressive drugs)
High stress and fatigue
Having had chickenpox (a mandatory prerequisite)
Chronic diseases (diabetes, kidney failure)
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy
Having had shingles previously

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When any lesion appears around the eye with the rash (EMERGENCY)
  • If there is ear pain and signs of facial palsy (Ramsay Hunt syndrome)
  • When rash appears in immunocompromised individuals
  • If severe pain cannot be controlled
  • If the rash looks infected (yellow-green pus, increasing redness)

Treatment Methods

01
Antiviral drugs (acyclovir, valacyclovir — initiation within the first 72 hours is critical)
02
Pain management (NSAIDs, tramadol, opioids if needed)
03
Local cream and dressing application
04
Gabapentin or pregabalin for postherpetic neuralgia
05
Shingles vaccine (recombinant vaccine recommended for prophylaxis over age 50)
06
Joint evaluation with an ophthalmologist (ophthalmic shingles)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dermatoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.