Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Endocrine View)

An endocrine-metabolic disorder presenting with hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and insulin resistance.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 11, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Endokrinoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Endocrine View)?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease in women of reproductive age, with a frequency of 6-15%. Diagnosis according to the Rotterdam criteria requires two of three: oligo/anovulation, clinical/biochemical hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovarian morphology on ultrasound.

Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and ovarian theca-cell hyperandrogenism form the central pathophysiology. The risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is increased, and the risk of endometrial cancer is also higher.

Treatment is individualized: lifestyle changes and weight loss are essential. Combined oral contraceptives, metformin, antiandrogens (spironolactone) and ovulation-induction agents (letrozole, clomiphene) are used.

Symptoms

Oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea

Hirsutism (face, chest, abdomen)

Acne and androgenic alopecia

Obesity and weight gain

Acanthosis nigricans

Subfertility/infertility

Risk Factors

Family history (mother, sister)

Obesity and insulin resistance

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Metabolic syndrome

Premature adrenarche

In utero androgen exposure

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

Menstrual irregularity
Pronounced hirsutism and acne
Persistent acne
Weight gain and metabolic findings
Inability to conceive
Family history of PCOS

Treatment Methods

Lifestyle modification and weight loss

Combined oral contraceptives

Metformin (insulin sensitizer)

Spironolactone (antiandrogen)

Letrozole/clomiphene (ovulation induction)

Inositol and lifestyle support

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Endokrinoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Endokrinoloji Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.