Pituitary Carcinoma

An exceptionally rare malignant tumor of the pituitary gland with metastases.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 10, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Endokrinoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Pituitary Carcinoma?

Pituitary carcinoma is an exceptionally rare malignant tumor of the pituitary gland accounting for less than 0.5 percent of pituitary tumors.

It is defined by the presence of craniospinal or systemic metastases originating from a pituitary tumor.

It is most often hormonally active, secreting ACTH or prolactin.

Symptoms

Symptoms of severe hormonal excess such as Cushing's disease or hyperprolactinemia

Headache and visual field defects from rapidly growing mass

Cranial nerve deficits with cavernous sinus invasion

Constitutional findings of weight loss and fatigue when systemic metastases are present

Risk Factors

Resistant or recurrent aggressive pituitary adenoma

Some genetic syndromes such as MEN1

History of cranial radiation therapy

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

Recurrent or progressive pituitary tumor despite treatment
New neurological symptoms or rapid visual loss — urgent
Suspicion of hormonal hypersecretion that does not respond to standard therapy

Treatment Methods

Maximum surgical resection

Stereotactic or fractionated radiation therapy

Temozolomide chemotherapy as first line systemic agent

Targeted hormone control with cabergoline, somatostatin analogs or steroidogenesis inhibitors

Multidisciplinary follow-up by endocrinology, neurosurgery and oncology

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Endokrinoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Endokrinoloji Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.