Pharyngitis

Inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa, presenting with sore throat and odynophagia.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 11, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our KBB (Kulak Burun Boğaz) department. Book Appointment →

What is Pharyngitis?

Pharyngitis is acute inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa, oropharynx and surrounding lymphoid tissues. It is one of the most common reasons for ambulatory care visits, particularly in children and young adults.

Most cases (50-80%) are viral and caused by adenovirus, rhinovirus, coronavirus, EBV, or coxsackievirus. Bacterial pharyngitis is dominated by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS, 15-30% in children), with rare cases due to Mycoplasma, Chlamydophila, or Fusobacterium (Lemierre).

Diagnosis is clinical, supported by Centor or McIsaac criteria and rapid antigen detection testing or throat culture. Treatment of viral cases is symptomatic with hydration, analgesics, antipyretics and saltwater gargles; confirmed GABHS infection is treated with penicillin or amoxicillin to prevent complications such as rheumatic fever, peritonsillar abscess and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.

Symptoms

Sore throat and odynophagia

Pharyngeal erythema and edema

Fever

Cervical lymphadenopathy

Cough and rhinorrhea (viral)

Hoarseness and headache

Petechiae on the soft palate

Risk Factors

Pediatric and adolescent age

Crowded environments

Seasonal respiratory virus circulation

Smoking and second-hand smoke

Allergic rhinitis

Recent URI

Immunodeficiency

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

Severe sore throat with high fever
Inability to swallow fluids
Trismus or muffled voice
Unilateral neck pain and swelling
Persistent symptoms over a week

Treatment Methods

Hydration, rest and saltwater gargles

Analgesics and antipyretics

Local lozenges and sprays

Penicillin or amoxicillin for proven GABHS

Macrolides in penicillin allergy

ENT referral for recurrent or complicated cases

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our KBB (Kulak Burun Boğaz) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About KBB (Kulak Burun Boğaz) Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.