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Onychomycosis (Nail Fungus)

Fungal Infection of the Fingernails or Toenails

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Published:

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dermatoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Onychomycosis (Nail Fungus)?

Dermatophytes (Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes) account for most cases.

Non-dermatophyte molds and Candida species in certain hosts.

Clinical patterns: distal-lateral subungual, superficial white, proximal subungual, total dystrophic.

Tinea pedis often coexists and is a major source of reinfection.

Symptoms

Yellow-brown discoloration of the nail plate
Subungual hyperkeratosis and debris
Onycholysis (separation of nail from bed)
Thickened, brittle, crumbling nail
Deformity and difficulty with footwear
Associated tinea pedis or interdigital maceration

Risk Factors

Older age and male sex
Diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease
Immunosuppression and HIV
Nail trauma, tight footwear, and occlusive socks
Communal barefoot environments (gyms, pools, hammams)
Coexisting tinea pedis and family history

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Discolored, thickened, crumbling nails despite OTC treatment
  • Pain, functional impairment, or cellulitis (especially in diabetes)
  • Multiple nail involvement to plan systemic therapy

Treatment Methods

01
Confirm diagnosis: KOH microscopy, culture, or PCR/dermatophyte identification
02
Topical therapy (efinaconazole, tavaborole, ciclopirox) for mild/superficial disease
03
Oral terbinafine (first line), itraconazole, or fluconazole pulse regimens
04
Nail debridement (mechanical/chemical) to enhance topical penetration
05
Treatment of coexisting tinea pedis and footwear/environmental decontamination
06
Monitoring and long-term prevention to reduce recurrence

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dermatoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dermatoloji Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.