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Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

A condition causing gait, memory and bladder problems due to accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid while intracranial pressure remains normal.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Published:

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Nöroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus?

Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a condition that develops with excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in brain ventricles while intracranial pressure remains at normal levels. It is especially seen in individuals over 60 years.

The clinical picture is generally characterized by what is known as the 'Hakim triad': gait disturbance (magnetic or shuffling gait), cognitive slowing and urinary incontinence. NPH should be considered when these three findings are seen together.

NPH is one of the treatable causes of dementia. Symptoms can significantly improve when CSF drainage is achieved with ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement.

Symptoms

Short-stepped, foot barely lifted off ground walking (magnetic gait)
Memory and concentration difficulty
Urinary incontinence or frequent need to use the toilet
Balance disturbance and tendency to fall
Slowed thinking and reaction speed
Decreased independence in daily activities

Risk Factors

Being over 60 years
History of meningitis or head trauma
History of subarachnoid hemorrhage
Hypertension and cerebral small vessel disease
Family history of hydrocephalus

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If new-onset gait disturbance and memory problems are seen together in an elderly individual
  • If urinary incontinence emerges with suspected dementia
  • If a treatable cause of dementia is being investigated
  • In case of recurrence of symptoms after shunt surgery

Treatment Methods

01
CSF drainage with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt
02
Lumbar puncture test (transient improvement predicts shunt response)
03
Post-shunt physiotherapy and rehabilitation
04
Regular monitoring of shunt complications (obstruction, infection)
05
Control of accompanying cardiovascular risk factors

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Nöroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.