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Nephrocalcinosis and Hyperuricosuria

Spectrum of kidney damage caused by calcium deposition in renal tissue and excessive urinary excretion of uric acid.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department. Book Appointment →

What is Nephrocalcinosis and Hyperuricosuria?

Nephrocalcinosis is the abnormal deposition of calcium salts in the renal parenchyma (glomeruli, tubules, or interstitium). Hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D toxicity, renal tubular acidosis, and medullary sponge kidney are the main causes. It is detected as parenchymal calcifications on renal ultrasonography or CT.

Hyperuricosuria is excretion of uric acid in 24-hour urine exceeding 600 mg in women and 800 mg in men. Gout, a high-purine diet, leukemia and rapid cell breakdown due to chemotherapy, and renal tubular transport disorders are the main causes. Urate crystals predispose to nephropathy and kidney stone formation.

In both conditions, comprehensive metabolic stone evaluation (24-hour urine analysis, serum calcium, uric acid, PTH, oxalate, and citrate measurements) is required to identify the underlying cause.

Symptoms

Flank pain or renal colic (if there is an accompanying stone)
Recurrent urinary tract infections
Blood in the urine (hematuria)
Signs of progressive renal failure
Nephrocalcinosis is often asymptomatic in the early stages
Gout attacks (in hyperuricosuria)

Risk Factors

Hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Vitamin D toxicity
Renal tubular acidosis
High-purine diet and alcohol consumption
Hematologic malignancies and chemotherapy

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When recurrent kidney stones are detected
  • When parenchymal calcification of the kidney is reported on imaging
  • If there are gout attacks or high uric acid levels
  • When progressive deterioration is detected in renal function tests

Treatment Methods

01
High fluid intake: ≥2-2.5 L of urine output per day is targeted
02
In hypercalciuria: thiazide diuretic + salt restriction
03
Treatment of renal tubular acidosis: alkalinization (sodium bicarbonate or potassium citrate)
04
In hyperuricosuria: allopurinol (xanthine oxidase inhibitor); low-purine diet
05
In primary hyperparathyroidism: parathyroid adenomectomy

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.