Macular Degeneration

Age-related degeneration of the central retina that is the leading cause of central vision loss in older adults.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 11, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Göz Hastalıkları department. Book Appointment →

What is Macular Degeneration?

Macular degeneration is a chronic disease in which the central retinal area (macula) degenerates progressively. It is divided into dry (atrophic) and wet (neovascular) forms.

In the dry form, drusen, geographic atrophy and slow vision loss are observed. In the wet form, choroidal neovascularization (CNV) develops with subretinal fluid, hemorrhage and rapid vision loss.

Diagnosis is based on optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus angiography and OCT angiography. Anti-VEGF therapy and lifestyle interventions are the main treatments.

Symptoms

Painless central vision loss

Metamorphopsia (distortion of straight lines)

Central scotoma

Difficulty reading

Reduced contrast sensitivity

Color perception abnormalities

Need for increased illumination

Slow dark adaptation

Risk Factors

Age over 50 years

Family history of AMD

Smoking

White ethnicity

Cardiovascular disease

Hypertension and obesity

UV light exposure

Diet poor in antioxidants

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

Newly developed central vision loss
Distortion of straight lines
Sudden loss of vision
Drusen detected on routine eye examination
Atypical visual symptoms in known AMD patient
Family history with reduced visual acuity

Treatment Methods

Intravitreal anti-VEGF injection (wet form)

AREDS-2 vitamin and mineral supplements

Lifestyle modification and smoking cessation

Photodynamic therapy

Visual rehabilitation and low-vision aids

Regular OCT follow-up

Antioxidant-rich Mediterranean diet

Sun protection with UV-blocking glasses

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Göz Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Göz Hastalıkları Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.