Macroprolactinoma

Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas measuring 10 mm or larger.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 10, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Endokrinoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Macroprolactinoma?

Macroprolactinoma is a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma 10 mm or larger in size. Microprolactinomas typically occur in women, while macroprolactinomas are more common in men. Because symptoms develop insidiously in men, the diagnosis is often made when the tumor has already grown.

High prolactin levels suppress gonadotropin secretion, leading to amenorrhea-galactorrhea in women and decreased libido and impotence in men. As the tumor enlarges, headache, visual field defects (bitemporal hemianopia), and hypopituitarism may develop.

Dopamine agonists are the first-line treatment; surgery and radiotherapy are usually reserved for patients who are resistant to or intolerant of medical therapy.

Symptoms

Headache and visual field defects

Sexual dysfunction (loss of libido, impotence)

Gynecomastia and galactorrhea (in men)

Amenorrhea-oligomenorrhea and galactorrhea (in women)

Infertility

Symptoms of hypopituitarism

Findings of cavernous sinus invasion

Risk Factors

Male sex (larger tumors)

MEN 1 syndrome

Familial pituitary adenoma

Older age at diagnosis

Carney complex

AIP mutation

Postpartum growth

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

Unexplained galactorrhea with headache
Narrowing of the visual field
Sexual dysfunction and infertility
When elevated prolactin is detected
Tumor growth or signs of apoplexy under therapy (emergency)

Treatment Methods

Cabergoline (first choice — twice weekly)

Bromocriptine (alternative)

High-dose cabergoline or surgery in resistant cases

Transsphenoidal surgery — for apoplexy or drug intolerance

Radiotherapy — in selected cases

Pregnancy planning and tumor follow-up

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Endokrinoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Endokrinoloji Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.