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Lymph Node Biopsy

Diagnostic procedure that takes tissue samples from enlarged lymph nodes for examination.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Genel Cerrahi department. Book Appointment →

What is Lymph Node Biopsy?

Lymph node biopsy is the pathological examination of tissue or cells obtained from enlarged or suspicious lymph nodes. It is used to establish a definitive diagnosis of conditions such as lymphoma, metastatic cancer, tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), core-needle biopsy and open excisional biopsy are the main methods. Open excisional biopsy is preferred for lymphoma diagnosis because preservation of the lymph node architecture allows more accurate classification.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a special method used in breast cancer and melanoma to evaluate the spread to axillary or inguinal lymph nodes; it prevents unnecessary lymph node dissection.

Symptoms

Lymph node enlargement persisting more than 4 weeks
Hard, painless, fixed lymph node
Fever, night sweats and weight loss (B symptoms)
Simultaneous lymph node enlargement in multiple regions
Lymph node larger than 1 cm in the neck, axilla or groin

Risk Factors

History of cancer (risk of metastasis)
HIV infection and immunocompromised status
Exposure to tuberculosis
Family history of lymphoma
Smoking and alcohol (head and neck cancers)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Lymph node enlargement exceeding 4 weeks
  • Hard, fixed or painless lymph nodes
  • Lymph node enlargement with fever, night sweats and weight loss
  • Newly detected lymph node in a known cancer patient
  • If fine-needle biopsy gave inadequate or suspicious results

Treatment Methods

01
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB): rapid, minimally invasive cell sampling in the office setting
02
Tru-cut (core needle) biopsy: more material with preserved tissue architecture
03
Excisional biopsy: removal of the entire lymph node, particularly when lymphoma is suspected
04
Ultrasound- or CT-guided biopsy: image guidance for deep lymph nodes
05
Disease-specific treatment based on pathology (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, antibiotics, etc.)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Genel Cerrahi department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.