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Lung Cancer

Comprehensive information on lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death worldwide.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Onkoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Lung Cancer?

Lung cancer arises from uncontrolled growth of cells in lung tissue and is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. There are two main groups: small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); NSCLC accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers.

Lung cancer is insidious and often produces no symptoms at an early stage. By the time symptoms appear the disease is usually advanced. For this reason, screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is highly important in heavy smokers.

Smoking cessation reduces lung-cancer risk substantially, and the risk continues to fall with each year after quitting. Second-hand smoke is also a meaningful risk factor, so smoke-free indoor environments are vital.

Symptoms

Persistent or worsening cough
Blood-streaked sputum (haemoptysis)
Shortness of breath and wheezing
Chest pain
Hoarseness
Unexplained weight loss and loss of appetite
Recurrent chest infections (pneumonia, bronchitis)

Risk Factors

Smoking (responsible for 80-85% of cases)
Long-term exposure to second-hand smoke
Domestic exposure to radon gas
Occupational carcinogens such as asbestos, arsenic, chromium
Family history of lung cancer
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Older age (risk rises sharply over 65)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Cough lasting more than three weeks or change in an existing cough
  • Blood in the sputum
  • Unexplained weight loss or persistent fatigue
  • Annual low-dose CT screening if you are a heavy long-term smoker
  • Urgently for chest pain or rapidly worsening shortness of breath

Treatment Methods

01
Surgical resection: lobectomy or pneumonectomy in early-stage NSCLC
02
Chemotherapy: alone or combined with other modalities
03
Radiotherapy, including stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR)
04
Targeted therapy: drugs against EGFR, ALK, ROS1 and KRAS mutations
05
Immunotherapy: PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors
06
Palliative care: symptom control and preservation of quality of life

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Onkoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.