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Intraocular Pressure Screening

Population-based glaucoma screening with tonometry.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Göz Hastalıkları department. Book Appointment →

What is Intraocular Pressure Screening?

Intraocular pressure screening is the systematic measurement of the fluid pressure inside the eye to detect ocular hypertension and primary open-angle glaucoma at a presymptomatic stage. Goldmann applanation tonometry remains the gold standard, while non-contact (air-puff) tonometry is preferred for mass screening.

Average normal IOP is 10-21 mmHg. Persistent IOP above 21 mmHg increases glaucoma risk by 10-15 times, but 30-40% of glaucoma patients have normal-tension disease, requiring optic disc examination and visual field testing.

Symptoms

Most patients are asymptomatic in early disease
Gradual peripheral visual field loss
Mild headache or eye fatigue (rare)
Acute angle-closure presents with severe pain, halos and nausea
Sudden visual loss in advanced glaucoma

Risk Factors

Age over 40 years (above 60 high risk)
Family history of glaucoma in a first-degree relative
African or Hispanic ancestry
High myopia (above -6 D)
Diabetes mellitus and hypertension
Long-term corticosteroid use (topical, systemic, inhaled)
Previous ocular trauma or pseudoexfoliation

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • After age 40, screening every 2-4 years for low risk individuals
  • Annual screening if any high-risk factor is present
  • Sudden eye pain, redness or visual loss (rule out angle closure)
  • Newly developed peripheral vision changes
  • Before initiating long-term corticosteroid therapy

Treatment Methods

01
Goldmann applanation or rebound tonometry measurement
02
Pachymetry (corneal thickness correction for IOP value)
03
Optic disc evaluation with fundoscopy and OCT
04
Standard automated perimetry (visual field) for confirmed cases
05
Topical prostaglandin analog as first-line if treatment indicated
06
Beta-blockers, alpha-2 agonists or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors as add-on
07
Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) or surgery in refractory cases

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Göz Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Göz Hastalıkları Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.