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IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura)

IgA-mediated small-vessel vasculitis with palpable purpura.

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Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

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What is IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura)?

IgA vasculitis (formerly Henoch-Schönlein purpura) is a systemic leukocytoclastic vasculitis with IgA1 and complement deposition in small-vessel walls. It is the most common vasculitis in children but also occurs in adults, where the course tends to be more severe.

The disease often follows upper respiratory infections. The classic tetrad consists of palpable purpura, arthralgia/arthritis, abdominal pain, and glomerulonephritis. Children usually have a self-limiting course, while adults more frequently develop persistent renal involvement.

Diagnosis is based on clinical findings; skin biopsy showing leukocytoclastic vasculitis with IgA deposition on immunofluorescence confirms the diagnosis. Renal biopsy reveals findings similar to IgA nephropathy.

Symptoms

Palpable purpuric rash on the legs
Symmetrical joint pain and swelling
Severe abdominal pain and nausea
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Hematuria and proteinuria
Scrotal swelling (in male children)
Fever and malaise
Rare complications such as intussusception

Risk Factors

Pediatric age group (most common 3-15 years)
Male sex
Recent upper respiratory tract infection
Streptococcal infection
Certain medications (antibiotics, NSAIDs)
Post-vaccination triggering
Genetic predisposition
Seasonal factors (autumn-winter)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Typical palpable purpuric rash on the legs
  • Severe abdominal pain and bloody stools
  • Blood or foam in urine
  • Joint pain and swelling
  • Unexplained scrotal swelling
  • Development of renal dysfunction

Treatment Methods

01
Supportive therapy and hydration
02
NSAIDs for joint pain (in absence of renal involvement)
03
Moderate to high-dose glucocorticoids in severe cases
04
Immunosuppressives in nephritis (cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate)
05
Antihypertensives and ACE inhibitors for proteinuria
06
Surgical intervention for intussusception
07
Long-term renal function monitoring
08
Family education and close follow-up

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.