Clinical Management of Hyponatraemia

Stepwise approach to low serum sodium.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 11, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department. Book Appointment →

What is Clinical Management of Hyponatraemia?

Hyponatraemia is the most common electrolyte disorder; it is classified as hypovolaemic, euvolaemic or hypervolaemic and acute (<48 hours) or chronic.

Major aetiologies include SIADH, heart failure, cirrhosis, renal disease, adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, diuretic use and excessive water intake.

Treatment requires volume status assessment, plasma osmolality, urinary sodium and a controlled correction rate; correcting more than 8-10 mmol/L per 24 hours risks osmotic demyelination.

Symptoms

Headache

Nausea

Confusion

Seizures

Lethargy

Muscle weakness

Coma

Risk Factors

Heart failure

Cirrhosis

SIADH

Diuretic use

Renal failure

Adrenal insufficiency

Excessive water intake

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

New confusion or seizure
Persistent vomiting and headache
Severe fatigue
Loss of consciousness
Sudden behavioural change

Treatment Methods

Hypertonic saline in severe symptomatic cases

Fluid restriction

Volume replacement in hypovolaemia

Treatment of the underlying cause

Vasopressin receptor antagonist (vaptan)

Controlled correction rate

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.