Hypomagnesemia

A drop in serum magnesium level below 1.7 mg/dL.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 9, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department. Book Appointment →

What is Hypomagnesemia?

Hypomagnesemia is a decrease in serum magnesium level below the normal range (1.7-2.2 mg/dL). Magnesium serves as a cofactor in over 300 enzymatic reactions and plays a critical role in neuromuscular transmission, cardiac rhythm, and electrolyte balance.

The most common causes include gastrointestinal losses (chronic diarrhea, malabsorption), renal losses (diuretics, long-term PPI use, alcoholism), and decreased intake. Long-term PPI use is an increasing cause of hypomagnesemia.

Hypomagnesemia is often seen together with hypokalemia and hypocalcemia; magnesium must be replaced first for these disorders to resolve.

Symptoms

Muscle cramps, tremor, and fasciculations

Tetany and Chvostek/Trousseau signs

Fatigue and weakness

Palpitations and arrhythmias (especially torsades de pointes)

Personality change, irritability, and depression

Seizures

Loss of appetite and nausea

Risk Factors

Chronic alcohol use

Long-term PPI use

Loop and thiazide diuretics

Chronic diarrhea and malabsorption

After diabetic ketoacidosis

Chemotherapy (cisplatin)

Hyperaldosteronism

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

Unexplained muscle cramps and tremor
Recurrent arrhythmias
Lack of response to hypokalemia or hypocalcemia treatment
Seizure or tetany signs
New complaints in patients using PPIs

Treatment Methods

Oral magnesium (oxide or citrate forms) in mild cases

IV magnesium sulfate in moderate-severe cases

Emergency IV replacement if tetany, arrhythmia, or seizures

Correction of underlying cause (diuretic, PPI, diarrhea)

Magnesium-rich foods (leafy green vegetables, nuts, whole grains)

Co-monitoring of potassium and calcium levels

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.