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Lymphoma Staging in Hematology

Anatomic and metabolic staging of Hodgkin and non Hodgkin lymphoma

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Hematoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Lymphoma Staging in Hematology?

Staging of Hodgkin and aggressive non Hodgkin lymphomas uses the Lugano classification, which evolved from Ann Arbor staging. Stage one disease is limited to one lymph node region, stage two to two or more regions on the same side of the diaphragm, stage three to both sides, and stage four involves extranodal sites including bone marrow.

Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography is the standard staging modality for fluorodeoxyglucose avid lymphomas, replacing the need for bone marrow biopsy in classical Hodgkin lymphoma when imaging shows uniform marrow uptake. Diffuse large B cell and follicular lymphomas are also fluorodeoxyglucose avid and benefit from interim and end of treatment scans.

B symptoms, bulky disease above ten centimeters, extranodal involvement, and serum lactate dehydrogenase are integrated with stage to apply the international prognostic index in aggressive lymphoma and the follicular lymphoma international prognostic index. Treatment intensity and duration follow risk stratification.

Symptoms

Painless lymphadenopathy in neck axilla or groin
Fever night sweats and weight loss
Pruritus or alcohol induced pain in Hodgkin disease
Hepatosplenomegaly with extranodal disease
Bone or central nervous system symptoms

Risk Factors

Epstein Barr virus or human immunodeficiency virus
Immunosuppression after organ transplant
Family history of lymphoma
Autoimmune disease such as Sjogren
Older age in non Hodgkin lymphoma

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When painless persistent lymphadenopathy appears
  • When unexplained fever and night sweats develop
  • When weight loss exceeds ten percent
  • When extranodal mass is detected
  • When monoclonal lymphoid population is found

Treatment Methods

01
Excisional or core biopsy with immunohistochemistry
02
Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography
03
Selective bone marrow examination
04
Lactate dehydrogenase and beta two microglobulin
05
Risk stratification with international prognostic index
06
Curative chemotherapy and immunotherapy
07
Radiation or transplant in selected indications

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Hematoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.