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Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation: Half-Matched Donor Strategy

Allogeneic transplant from family donor sharing one HLA haplotype expanding donor availability

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Hematoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation: Half-Matched Donor Strategy?

Haploidentical donors share one HLA haplotype (50% match) with recipient including parents, children and most siblings.

Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) on days 3 and 4 selectively eliminates alloreactive T cells reducing graft-versus-host disease.

Indications include hematologic malignancies (acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, lymphoma) and selected non-malignant conditions.

Bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell sources used with specific advantages of each.

Approach has dramatically improved access to allogeneic transplant particularly for patients from minority ethnic backgrounds.

Symptoms

Acute graft-versus-host disease with skin rash, gastrointestinal symptoms and hepatic dysfunction occurs less frequently with PTCy approach.
Cytopenias with prolonged neutropenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia requiring supportive care.
Infections particularly viral reactivations (CMV, EBV, BK virus), fungal infections and bacterial infections common in early post-transplant period.
Mucositis, nausea, diarrhea and other conditioning-related toxicities.
Cardiotoxicity from cyclophosphamide may be more prominent requiring monitoring.

Risk Factors

Donor age, sex match, ABO compatibility and CMV status affect outcomes.
Recipient performance status, comorbidities and disease status at transplant.
Donor specific antibody (DSA) presence requires identification and management strategies.
Prior transfusions or pregnancies in recipient may sensitize against donor antigens.
Disease characteristics including remission status, cytogenetic risk and prior treatments.

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Fever, skin rash, diarrhea or other symptoms in early post-transplant period require immediate transplant team evaluation.
  • Persistent or worsening graft-versus-host disease symptoms require prompt assessment for treatment.
  • Infection symptoms during prolonged immunosuppression require urgent evaluation given limited reserve.
  • Late complications including chronic graft-versus-host disease, organ dysfunction or relapse require ongoing transplant team follow-up.
  • Vaccination, infection prevention strategies and long-term survivorship care planning are essential.

Treatment Methods

01
Comprehensive donor evaluation including HLA typing, donor-specific antibody testing and donor health screening.
02
Recipient pre-transplant evaluation including disease assessment, organ function and infection screening.
03
Conditioning regimen selection (myeloablative, reduced-intensity or non-myeloablative) based on patient and disease factors.
04
Stem cell infusion followed by post-transplant cyclophosphamide on days 3 and 4 with subsequent immunosuppression.
05
Comprehensive supportive care, infection prophylaxis, growth factor support, prevention and management of graft-versus-host disease, monitoring for relapse and long-term survivorship care with multidisciplinary team optimizes outcomes for this transformative therapy.

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Hematoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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