Glomerulonephritis

A group of diseases characterized by inflammation of kidney glomeruli that may lead to renal failure.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 10, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department. Book Appointment →

What is Glomerulonephritis?

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a group of diseases characterized by inflammation of glomeruli in the kidneys. It can be primary (affecting only the kidney) or secondary (related to systemic diseases such as SLE, vasculitis, infections, diabetes).

Clinically, it can present as acute, rapidly progressive, chronic, nephritic, or nephrotic syndrome. The treatment approach varies markedly according to etiology and histopathologic type.

In diagnosis, urinalysis (dysmorphic erythrocytes, erythrocyte casts), serologic tests (ANA, ANCA, anti-GBM, C3-C4), and kidney biopsy are important.

Symptoms

Hematuria (cola-colored urine)

Proteinuria (foamy urine)

Hypertension

Edema in the face, legs, and around the eyes

Decreased urine amount (oliguria)

Fatigue and weakness

Findings of uremia (in advanced cases)

Risk Factors

Streptococcal or other infections (postinfectious GN)

Autoimmune diseases (SLE, vasculitis)

Hepatitis B and C, HIV

Diabetes and hypertension

Familial GN (Alport syndrome)

Drugs (NSAIDs, lithium, gold)

Malignancy

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

If cola-colored urine is observed
If edema develops on the face and legs
High blood pressure together with hematuria
Unexplained proteinuria
Change in urine after upper respiratory tract infection

Treatment Methods

Specific treatment for the underlying cause (antibiotic, immunosuppressive)

Strict blood pressure control (ACE inhibitor/ARB)

Salt and fluid restriction

Corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents (in severe cases)

Biological treatments (rituximab, eculizumab — in selected cases)

Diagnosis with kidney biopsy and nephrology consultation in follow-up

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.