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Gastric Volvulus

An emergency surgical condition in which the stomach rotates around its own axis, causing obstruction and ischemia.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Genel Cerrahi department. Book Appointment →

What is Gastric Volvulus?

Gastric volvulus occurs as a result of more than 180° rotation of the stomach around its long (organo-axial) or short (mesenteric-axial) axis and develops in patients with relaxed ligaments or diaphragmatic defects.

Hiatal hernia, especially the paraesophageal type, is the most important predisposing factor for gastric volvulus. While acute cases are life-threatening, chronic forms present with recurrent upper GI symptoms.

Classic Borchardt's triad: severe epigastric pain, dry retching/inability to vomit, and inability to advance a nasogastric tube.

Symptoms

Sudden severe upper abdominal and lower chest pain
Inability to vomit despite persistent vomiting effort
Inability to pass a nasogastric tube
Chest pain and shortness of breath
Hematemesis (late finding of ischemia)
Dysphagia and bloating
Hypotension (signs of shock)

Risk Factors

Paraesophageal hiatal hernia
Diaphragm defect (traumatic/congenital)
Gastric ligament laxity
Previous upper GI surgery
Advanced age
Abdominal distension
Obesity

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Sudden severe chest-abdominal pain
  • Dry retching and inability to vomit
  • Inability to place nasogastric tube
  • Bloody vomiting and altered consciousness
  • Unexpected severe symptoms in a patient with known hiatal hernia

Treatment Methods

01
Emergency endoscopic decompression (in stable cases)
02
Surgical detorsion + gastropexy
03
Hiatal hernia repair + fundoplication
04
Partial or total gastrectomy in ischemic gastric tissue
05
Laparoscopic or open approach (according to experience and stability)
06
Postoperative intensive care follow-up

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Genel Cerrahi department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.