Functional Dyspepsia

Functional disorder presenting with upper abdominal complaints in the absence of an organic cause.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 9, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department. Book Appointment →

What is Functional Dyspepsia?

Functional dyspepsia is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by epigastric pain and/or postprandial fullness present for at least 3 months and starting at least 6 months before presentation, with no structural disease identified, according to Rome IV criteria.

It has two main subtypes: postprandial distress syndrome (postmeal fullness, early satiety) and epigastric pain syndrome (weaker relation to meals). Visceral hypersensitivity, gastric accommodation impairment, motility disorders, and Helicobacter pylori play roles in pathogenesis.

Psychosocial factors, anxiety, and depression are important determinants of symptom severity. The diagnosis is made by exclusion of organic causes.

Symptoms

Postmeal fullness and heaviness

Early satiety

Epigastric pain and burning

Bloating and gas

Nausea (vomiting rare)

Belching

Decreased appetite

Risk Factors

Female sex

Young to middle-age group

Anxiety and depression

Smoking and alcohol use

Helicobacter pylori infection

High-fat diet

Excessive caffeine and spicy foods

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

New-onset and prolonged dyspeptic complaints
If there is weight loss, dysphagia, or gastrointestinal bleeding (alarm symptoms)
New-onset dyspepsia in those over 50
When standard treatment fails to provide a response
If there is pain that wakes one at night

Treatment Methods

Helicobacter pylori eradication (if positive)

Proton pump inhibitors (in epigastric pain syndrome)

Prokinetics (in postprandial distress syndrome; domperidone, metoclopramide)

Low-dose tricyclic antidepressants or mirtazapine

Lifestyle changes (small frequent meals, avoidance of triggers)

Cognitive behavioral therapy and stress management

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.