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Diverticular Disease

A spectrum of gastrointestinal disorders caused by pouches (diverticula) forming in the wall of the large intestine.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department. Book Appointment →

What is Diverticular Disease?

Diverticular disease refers to pouches (diverticula) formed when the mucosa and submucosa protrude outward through weak points in the colon wall. The presence of diverticula is called diverticulosis; their inflammation is called diverticulitis. It is seen in 60% of people over age 60 in Western societies.

A low-fiber diet prolongs intestinal transit time and increases intracolonic pressure, facilitating diverticulum formation. Diverticula most frequently occur in the sigmoid colon. The vast majority of diverticula (80%) are asymptomatic.

Diverticulitis presents with fever, left lower quadrant pain, and leukocytosis. Complications include abscess, perforation, fistula, and bowel obstruction. Rectal bleeding is mostly seen in uncomplicated diverticulosis.

Symptoms

Left lower abdominal pain (sigmoid colon involvement)
Fever and chills (in diverticulitis)
Nausea, vomiting, and decreased appetite
Constipation or diarrhea, sometimes alternating
Rectal bleeding (painless, in diverticulosis)
Abdominal wall tenderness and guarding (in complicated form)

Risk Factors

Low-fiber, high red meat diet
Sedentary lifestyle and obesity
Advanced age (over 60)
Smoking
NSAID and corticosteroid use
Family history of diverticular disease

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If left lower abdominal pain is accompanied by fever (suspected diverticulitis)
  • If rectal bleeding persists for an extended period
  • If the abdomen becomes rigid with severe pain and high fever (perforation — emergency!)
  • If recurrent episodes of diverticulitis occur

Treatment Methods

01
In uncomplicated diverticulitis: liquid diet, oral antibiotics (ciprofloxacin + metronidazole)
02
In cases requiring hospitalization: IV antibiotics and fluid therapy
03
CT-guided percutaneous drainage (in the presence of abscess)
04
Sigmoid colectomy: surgery in recurrent or complicated cases
05
Prevention: 25-35 g of fiber daily, plenty of fluids, physical activity
06
Follow-up colonoscopy: 6-8 weeks after the diverticulitis episode

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Dahiliye (İç Hastalıkları) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.