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Bladder Prolapse (Cystocele)

Prolapse of the bladder into the vagina due to weakening of the connective tissues between the bladder and the vagina.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Üroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Bladder Prolapse (Cystocele)?

Cystocele is the prolapse of the bladder into the vaginal canal due to weakening of the fascial support between the anterior vaginal wall and the bladder. This condition, which belongs to the pelvic organ prolapse (POP) family, usually presents with urinary symptoms.

Vaginal delivery, menopause, and advanced age are the most important risk factors for cystocele. Weakening of the pelvic floor muscles accelerates this process.

Cystocele is graded: conservative treatments are sufficient for mild (grade I-II) cases, while surgical intervention may be required in severe (grade III-IV) prolapse.

Symptoms

Fullness, pressure, or 'mass sensation' in the vagina
Visible or palpable swelling from the vaginal opening
Frequent urination and feeling of incomplete bladder emptying
Urinary incontinence or weakening of the urinary stream
Recurrent urinary tract infections
Discomfort that worsens with heavy lifting, coughing, or prolonged standing

Risk Factors

Multiple vaginal deliveries
Menopause and estrogen deficiency
Advanced age
Chronic constipation and straining during defecation
Obesity
Chronic cough or heavy physical work

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When fullness or visible swelling is felt in the vagina
  • Urinary incontinence or difficulty emptying the bladder
  • Recurrent UTIs
  • Pain or discomfort during intercourse
  • If pelvic pain reduces daily quality of life

Treatment Methods

01
Pelvic floor muscle exercises (Kegel): symptomatic strengthening in mild-moderate cases
02
Vaginal pessary: mechanical support device in patients not suitable for surgery
03
Topical vaginal estrogen: to improve tissue quality in menopausal women
04
Anterior colporrhaphy: cystocele repair through the vaginal route (anterior wall repair)
05
Mesh-supported repair: in large or recurrent prolapse
06
Robot-assisted or laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy: in severe cases accompanied by apical prolapse

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Üroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.