Biological Therapies for Macular Disease

Anti-VEGF and next-generation intravitreal agents

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Published: February 1, 2026

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Göz Hastalıkları department. Book Appointment →

What is Biological Therapies for Macular Disease?

Anti-VEGF drugs are delivered by intravitreal injection in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), retinal vein occlusion and myopic choroidal neovascularization.

Newer agents (faricimab, brolucizumab) provide longer durability and reduce injection frequency. The PORT delivery system is a promising sustained-release approach.

Treatment is individualized using protocols such as treat-and-extend or PRN. OCT-based monitoring is the cornerstone of clinical decision-making.

Symptoms

Blurred central vision

Distortion of straight lines (metamorphopsia)

Reduced color vibrancy

Reading difficulty

Central scotoma

Difficulty recognizing faces

Risk Factors

Age over 60

Smoking

Family history

Hypertension and hyperlipidemia

Obesity

Ultraviolet light exposure

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

If central vision changes
If straight lines look curved
If reading becomes difficult
If diabetic retinopathy follow-up shows change
If sudden vein occlusion has occurred

Treatment Methods

Spectral-domain OCT

OCT angiography

Fluorescein angiography (selected cases)

Anti-VEGF intravitreal injection

Protocol adjustment based on response

Frequent clinical follow-up

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Göz Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Göz Hastalıkları Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.