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Approach to Febrile Illness

Causes of fever, when it is dangerous, and correct management strategies to apply at home.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Internal Medicine department. Book Appointment →

What is Approach to Febrile Illness?

Fever is an increase in body temperature above 38°C (axillary) or 38.3°C (rectal/oral). Since it is a coordinated defense response of the immune system against infection, fever itself is not a disease that needs to be treated but rather a symptom.

The most common cause of fever is viral infections; antibiotics are ineffective in viral fever. Bacterial infections, autoimmune diseases, malignancies (tumor fever), and drug reactions can be counted among other causes.

The decision to lower fever is made according to the patient's age, the height of the fever, accompanying symptoms, and underlying diseases. Not every high fever requires antibiotics; not every mild fever requires medication.

Symptoms

Body temperature of 38°C and above
Shivering and chills
Headache and muscle pain
Weakness and loss of appetite
Pulse rate increase with rising fever
Flushing and sensation of warmth on the face
Fever-induced seizure in children (febrile convulsion)

Risk Factors

Presence of viral or bacterial infection
Immune system suppression
Advanced age or infant-child period
Chronic diseases
Long stay in hot environment (heat crisis)
Reaction to certain drugs
Fever after travel to endemic areas

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Fever lasting more than 3 days
  • If fever rises to 40°C and above
  • If neck stiffness, skin rash, or altered consciousness accompanies (EMERGENCY)
  • For any fever in infants under 3 months of age (EMERGENCY)
  • In immunosuppressed individuals with any fever

Treatment Methods

01
Fever reduction with paracetamol or ibuprofen (in case of high fever or discomfort)
02
Plenty of fluid intake and rest
03
Warm shower or wet compress application
04
Treatment targeting the cause (antibiotics only in bacterial infection on physician's prescription)
05
Laying the child with febrile convulsion on their side and ensuring safety
06
Comprehensive investigation in chronic or fever of unknown origin

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.