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Hepatitis B

A viral liver disease transmitted by blood and sexual contact that can become chronic and lead to cirrhosis.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Internal Medicine department. Book Appointment →

What is Hepatitis B?

Hepatitis B is a viral liver disease caused by Hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmitted through blood, sexual contact, and from infected mother to newborn during birth. Acute infection mostly resolves spontaneously in adults, while the risk of chronicity is high in young children.

Chronic HBV infection is among the leading causes of liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer). Approximately 300 million people worldwide are estimated to be chronic carriers.

A highly effective vaccine is available; it is included in the national vaccination schedule in Türkiye. In patients with chronic HBV, regular liver follow-up and antiviral treatment when necessary are life-saving.

Symptoms

Fatigue, nausea, and loss of appetite in the acute phase
Jaundice and right upper abdominal pain
Dark-colored urine
Muscle and joint pain
Long asymptomatic course in the chronic phase
Fluid accumulation in the abdomen (ascites) and bloating in advanced stages
Fatigue, increased bleeding tendency (findings of cirrhosis)

Risk Factors

Unprotected sexual intercourse
Intravenous drug use
Birth from an infected mother
Being unvaccinated
Healthcare workers (needle stick risk)
Living in endemic areas
Dialysis patients

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When jaundice, dark urine, and abdominal pain develop
  • After contact with or exposure to hepatitis B
  • For regular follow-up after chronic HBV diagnosis
  • If there are abnormalities in liver function tests
  • Those planning pregnancy

Treatment Methods

01
Supportive treatment in acute cases
02
Antiviral therapy in chronic HBV (tenofovir, entecavir)
03
Regular liver ultrasound and AFP follow-up
04
Avoidance of alcohol and hepatotoxic drugs
05
Hepatitis B vaccine (3 doses — protection over 95%)
06
Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and vaccine after exposure

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Department

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You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.