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Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Common infections affecting the nose, throat, and sinuses, usually of viral origin.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Internal Medicine department. Book Appointment →

What is Upper Respiratory Tract Infection?

Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) include infectious diseases affecting the nose, pharynx, larynx, and sinuses. The agents are mostly viral, with rhinovirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, and influenza viruses leading the list.

The common cold is a typical example of a mild viral URTI; runny nose, sneezing, mild fever, and sore throat resolve within a few days. Streptococcal pharyngitis, on the other hand, is bacterial in origin and is an important condition requiring treatment.

Antibiotics are ineffective in viral URTI and unnecessary use leads to antibiotic resistance. In cases with symptoms lasting longer than 10 days or worsening, bacterial complications (sinusitis, otitis) should be evaluated.

Symptoms

Runny and stuffy nose
Sore throat and difficulty swallowing
Cough (usually mild, dry, or with phlegm)
Mild fever and weakness
Hoarseness (laryngitis)
Pain and pressure around the face (sinusitis)
Ear pain (otitis)

Risk Factors

Being in closed, crowded environments in winter months
Immune system suppression
Young children (daycare and school age)
Smoking
Inadequate sleep and stress
Not paying attention to hand hygiene
Presence of allergic rhinitis or deviated septum

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If fever is over 39°C and lasts longer than 3 days
  • If there are white spots in the throat or severe difficulty swallowing
  • If severe headache and facial pain persist
  • If symptoms do not improve and worsen in 10-14 days
  • In infants or individuals with weakened immune systems

Treatment Methods

01
Rest, plenty of fluid consumption
02
Paracetamol or ibuprofen for fever and pain
03
Saline nasal irrigation (for sinus complaints)
04
Cold drinks, ice, and throat lozenges for sore throat
05
Antibiotics on prescription in bacterial cases (strep pharyngitis, acute sinusitis)
06
Symptomatic medications: decongestants, antihistamines (careful use)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.