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Anal Fistula Treatment

Surgical management of perianal fistulas to eliminate sepsis while preserving sphincter function.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Genel Cerrahi department. Book Appointment →

What is Anal Fistula Treatment?

Anal fistula is an abnormal communication between the anal canal and perianal skin, most often arising from cryptoglandular infection.

Classification (Parks) describes intersphincteric, transsphincteric, suprasphincteric and extrasphincteric tracts.

Treatment goals are eradication of sepsis, prevention of recurrence and preservation of continence; choice depends on tract complexity and sphincter involvement.

Symptoms

Persistent perianal discharge of pus or blood
Recurrent perianal abscess
Skin irritation and pruritus ani
Pain during sitting and defaecation
Visible external opening with surrounding induration
Fever in acute septic flares

Risk Factors

Previous perianal abscess
Crohn's disease and other inflammatory bowel diseases
Tuberculosis and HIV (immune-related fistulas)
Diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression
Pelvic radiotherapy or trauma

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Persistent perianal discharge with palpable induration
  • Recurrent abscess after previous drainage
  • Multiple openings or branching tracts
  • Suspected Crohn's-related complex fistulas (multidisciplinary care needed)

Treatment Methods

01
Examination under anaesthesia, MRI or endoanal ultrasound for tract mapping
02
Fistulotomy for low simple intersphincteric and superficial transsphincteric tracts
03
Seton placement (loose or cutting) for high or complex tracts to control sepsis
04
Sphincter-preserving techniques: LIFT (ligation of intersphincteric tract), advancement flap, FiLaC laser closure
05
Anti-TNF therapy (infliximab, adalimumab) for Crohn's-related fistulas combined with surgery
06
Long-term follow-up with high recurrence risk in complex disease

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Genel Cerrahi department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.