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Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency

Metabolic consequences in adulthood of growth hormone insufficiency due to pituitary disease or its treatment.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Endokrinoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency?

Adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) is an endocrine condition arising from pituitary damage related to a pituitary adenoma or its treatment, craniopharyngioma, radiotherapy, or idiopathic causes; insufficient functioning of the GH–IGF-1 axis leads to deterioration in body composition, metabolism, bone density, and psychosocial functioning.

In cases diagnosed in childhood and not given replacement, problems continue into adulthood as well. In the adult-onset form, any condition leading to hypopituitarism (tumor, surgery, radiotherapy) may be a trigger.

Diagnosis is supported by the insulin tolerance test (ITT — gold standard), glucagon stimulation test or GHRH+arginine test. Low IGF-1 supports the diagnosis in many cases but is not sufficient on its own.

Symptoms

Excessive fat accumulation in the abdominal area (central obesity)
Decrease in muscle mass and strength
Fatigue and low energy
Decrease in bone mineral density and increased fracture risk
Increased cardiovascular risk (dyslipidemia)
Psychological disturbances: depression, anxiety, and social isolation
Decreased sweating and dry skin

Risk Factors

Pituitary adenoma and history of surgery/radiotherapy
Craniopharyngioma and other suprasellar tumors
Pituitary radiotherapy
Pituitary apoplexy
Idiopathic hypopituitarism

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • For GH evaluation after pituitary tumor surgery or radiotherapy
  • If unexplained central obesity and fatigue accompany a history of pituitary disease
  • When IGF-1 level is found to be markedly low
  • For cardiovascular risk and bone density evaluation

Treatment Methods

01
Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) replacement: started at low dose, IGF-1 is normalized
02
Starting dose: 0.1–0.3 mg/day SC; titration based on age, sex and IGF-1
03
Treatment goal: IGF-1 in the upper-mid age-specific reference range
04
Side effect monitoring: edema, arthralgia, carpal tunnel, insulin resistance
05
Active malignancy or uncontrolled diabetes: contraindication
06
Annual DEXA, lipid profile and quality-of-life assessment

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Endokrinoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.