An internal medicine evaluation that aims at early detection of potential conditions through blood, urine, imaging, and physical examination tailored to age, sex, and risk factors.
Indication
- Routine health monitoring and risk assessment even without specific complaints
- Family history of diabetes, hypertension, cardiac, or oncologic disease
- Modifiable risk factors such as weight, smoking, alcohol use, or sedentary lifestyle
- Workplace requirement for periodic health reports
- Annual evaluation of existing chronic conditions (blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose)
- Early cancer screening (breast, colon, cervical, prostate in appropriate age groups)
- Baseline health check before lifestyle changes or starting a new exercise program
Preparation
- If blood tests and abdominal ultrasound are planned, fast for 8-12 hours (water is allowed)
- Add all medications, vitamins, and supplements you use to your list
- Bring previous test reports (blood, imaging, ECG)
- Prepare to provide a morning urine sample for urinalysis
- Avoid smoking, alcohol, and strenuous exercise for at least 24 hours before testing for more accurate values
How it's performed
- The physician takes a detailed history of complaints, medical history, family history, and lifestyle
- Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and pulse are measured
- General physical exam covering head and neck, heart, lungs, abdomen, and musculoskeletal system
- Age- and sex-appropriate blood tests (CBC, biochemistry, lipids, thyroid, glucose, vitamins) are ordered
- Tests such as urinalysis, ECG, chest X-ray, and abdominal ultrasound are arranged
- When indicated, cancer screenings (mammography, colonoscopy, smear, PSA) are planned and results are interpreted holistically
Post-procedure
- Results discussion within 1-2 weeks for interpretation
- Lifestyle recommendations and treatment when needed based on identified risk factors
- Referral to relevant specialty if abnormal values are detected
- Repeat check-up annually or every 1-3 years depending on risk level
- Updates to the vaccination plan (annual flu, pneumococcal, tetanus, hepatitis)
Risks
- Mild bruising or transient pain from blood draw; rarely a feeling of faintness
- Low-dose radiation exposure with imaging studies (X-ray)
- Allergy or kidney effects with contrast-enhanced studies (separate counselling provided)
- False-positive results may cause unnecessary anxiety or further testing
- Some screenings may detect findings that do not require treatment (incidentaloma)
FAQ
How often should I have a check-up?
Generally every 2-3 years between ages 18-40, and annually after age 40. The frequency is decided with your physician based on family history and risk factors.
Are all check-up packages the same?
No. Content should vary based on age, sex, and risk factors. A personalized assessment is more appropriate than a standard package and avoids unnecessary tests and cost.
If my results are normal, are follow-ups still needed?
Yes. Normal results reflect only that period; risk factors may change over time. Lifestyle adjustments and regular follow-up matter for long-term health.
At what age should check-ups begin?
Basic screenings (blood pressure, weight, blood tests) are recommended from age 18; cardiac, glucose, and cancer screenings expand after age 40. Earlier start is suggested for those with significant family history.
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