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Silicosis and Asbestosis

Pneumoconiosis diseases that develop with long-term occupational exposure to silica dust or asbestos fibers.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Göğüs Hastalıkları department. Book Appointment →

What is Silicosis and Asbestosis?

Pneumoconioses are a group of occupational lung diseases that occur when inorganic dust particles deposited in the lungs cause fibrosis and inflammation. Silicosis develops with exposure to silica (quartz) dust; asbestosis develops with exposure to asbestos fibers.

Silicosis is seen in those working in mining, quarries, foundries, and silica-containing units. It has acute, accelerated, and chronic forms. Asbestosis is seen in shipbuilding, demolition, and old building materials workers and significantly increases the risk of mesothelioma (pleural cancer).

Both diseases are largely irreversible; prevention of exposure and early diagnosis are the most important strategies.

Symptoms

Progressive shortness of breath with exertion
Chronic cough
Clubbing of the fingertips (specific to asbestosis)
Coarse rales at the lung base (asbestosis)
Respiratory failure in severe silicosis
Pleural plaques (specific to asbestosis, seen on CT)
Tendency to tuberculosis (increased risk in silicosis)

Risk Factors

Working in silica-containing mines or quarries
Working in ceramic, glass, and concrete production
Demolition/renovation work in old buildings (asbestos exposure)
Ship dismantling work
Failure to use personal protective equipment
Exposure lasting many years
Smoking (increases fibrosis and cancer risk)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Regular lung check-up in those with occupational exposure history
  • When shortness of breath and chronic cough begin
  • When nodular opacities are detected on lung X-ray
  • To occupational health specialist for occupational disease determination and compensation
  • Tuberculosis risk screening (silico-tuberculosis)

Treatment Methods

01
Definite cessation of exposure (most priority step)
02
Smoking cessation
03
Symptom control: bronchodilators and oxygen support
04
Pulmonary rehabilitation
05
TB prophylaxis and vaccination in silicosis
06
Oncology referral for asbestos-related malignant mesothelioma

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Göğüs Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Göğüs Hastalıkları Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.