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Bronchitis (Acute and Chronic)

An airway disease caused by inflammation of the bronchial mucosa and presenting with cough and sputum.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Göğüs Hastalıkları department. Book Appointment →

What is Bronchitis (Acute and Chronic)?

Bronchitis is inflammation of the inner lining of the bronchial tubes that carry air to the lungs. Acute bronchitis most often develops when a viral upper respiratory infection spreads to the bronchi; it resolves spontaneously within a few weeks.

Chronic bronchitis is a component of COPD defined by the presence of productive cough for at least 3 months a year for two consecutive years. While cigarette smoke is the main cause, occupational dust and pollutants also play a role.

Antibiotics are not required for most acute bronchitis; in chronic bronchitis, smoking cessation and airway dilators form the foundation of treatment.

Symptoms

Cough (initially dry, then productive)
Yellowish or greenish sputum
Mild fever and malaise (in acute form)
Wheezing breathing and chest tightness
Mild shortness of breath
Sore throat and runny nose (in acute, viral process)
In chronic form: morning cough lasting for years

Risk Factors

Cigarette smoking (especially for chronic bronchitis)
Viral upper respiratory infections
Air pollution and dust exposure
History of asthma and COPD
Immune deficiency
Cold and damp climatic conditions
Gastroesophageal reflux (chronic cough trigger)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If cough lasts longer than 3 weeks
  • If high fever or shortness of breath is added
  • Blood seen in sputum
  • Worsening in individuals with asthma or COPD history
  • Evidence of bacterial infection should be sought before antibiotics are prescribed

Treatment Methods

01
In acute bronchitis: plenty of fluid intake, rest, antipyretics
02
Antibiotics are not required in acute viral bronchitis (only if there is bacterial evidence)
03
Bronchodilator inhaler (if wheezing and bronchospasm are present)
04
Smoking cessation (most important step in chronic bronchitis)
05
In chronic bronchitis: LABA/LAMA inhaler therapy
06
Reducing exacerbation risk with influenza and pneumococcal vaccination

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Göğüs Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Göğüs Hastalıkları Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.