A test that measures the blood level of ferritin, the protein that stores iron inside cells. It is a key parameter for assessing iron deficiency and iron overload.
Indication
- Diagnosis and follow-up of iron-deficiency anemia
- Investigation of unexplained fatigue, poor concentration, or hair loss
- Low hemoglobin or MCV detected on a complete blood count
- Evaluation of restless leg syndrome
- Suspicion and follow-up of hemochromatosis (iron overload)
- Supportive test in distinguishing anemia of chronic disease from iron-deficiency anemia
- Assessment of iron stores during pregnancy
Preparation
- Special preparation is generally not required; fasting is not mandatory
- Iron supplements may temporarily be discontinued on a physician's advice as they can affect the result
- Recent infection or inflammation can elevate ferritin and should be reported
- All medications and supplements being used should be communicated to the physician
How it's performed
- A venous blood sample is drawn from the arm (usually 2-3 mL)
- The blood is transferred to a biochemistry tube
- Ferritin is measured by an immunochemical method on automated analyzers
- The result is reported in ng/mL (μg/L)
- It is usually evaluated together with serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and transferrin saturation
Post-procedure
- Results are usually available the same day
- If ferritin is low, investigation of an underlying cause (bleeding, dietary intake, malabsorption) is recommended
- After treatment is started, the ferritin response is rechecked in 2-3 months
- If ferritin is high, transferrin saturation and, if needed, genetic tests can be used for further evaluation
Risks
- Temporary pain or bruising at the blood-draw site
- Rare formation of a small hematoma
- Vasovagal reaction with dizziness (rare)
- Local infection at the needle site (very rare)
FAQ
What does a low ferritin level indicate?
It indicates that the body's iron stores are reduced. In adults, a value below 30 ng/mL is generally interpreted as iron deficiency; the result is evaluated together with the clinical picture and other iron parameters.
Does a high ferritin level always mean iron overload?
No. Ferritin can also rise in infection, chronic inflammation, liver disease, alcohol use, obesity, or some malignancies. Interpretation is made together with transferrin saturation and clinical findings.
Can ferritin be low even without anemia?
Yes. Once iron stores are depleted, ferritin can fall before hemoglobin drops; this is called "latent iron deficiency" and may require treatment.
Do I need to fast for the test?
Usually not. However, if other tests such as a lipid profile or fasting glucose are requested from the same blood sample, fasting may be advised.
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