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Rheumatic Heart Disease

Untreated streptococcal throat infections can cause rheumatic fever, leading to permanent heart-valve damage.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Published:

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kardiyoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Rheumatic Heart Disease?

Rheumatic heart disease results when the autoimmune response to a Group A streptococcal throat infection (rheumatic fever) damages the heart valves. Repeated infections can lead to progressive valve disease over time.

The mitral valve is most commonly affected; mitral stenosis is the classic finding of rheumatic heart disease. The aortic valve may also be involved. The condition remains an important cardiovascular problem in developing countries.

Early treatment of streptococcal infection with penicillin, and secondary prophylaxis, prevents or limits valve damage. Advanced valve disease may require surgical or catheter-based intervention.

Symptoms

Shortness of breath (with exertion and at rest)
Palpitations and atrial fibrillation
Fatigue and exercise intolerance
Leg swelling
Heart murmur (found on examination)
Hemoptysis (in advanced mitral stenosis)

Risk Factors

Untreated Group A streptococcal throat infection
Low socioeconomic conditions and crowded living
Childhood and young adulthood
Living in a developing country
Recurrent streptococcal infections

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Sore throat accompanied by joint pain, fever, or chest pain
  • Penicillin treatment for recurrent throat infections in children
  • Annual cardiology check-ups for known rheumatic heart disease
  • If shortness of breath or palpitations worsen

Treatment Methods

01
Penicillin and anti-inflammatory therapy during active rheumatic fever
02
Secondary prevention: monthly penicillin injections (maintained for years)
03
Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty or surgery for mitral stenosis
04
Anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation
05
Valve replacement or repair (in severe valve damage)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kardiyoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.