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Papillary Muscle Rupture

Partial or complete detachment of a papillary muscle as a mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Published:

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kardiyoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Papillary Muscle Rupture?

Papillary muscle rupture is one of the mechanical complications that may follow myocardial infarction. It most often affects the posteromedial papillary muscle after inferior MI because this muscle has a single blood supply from the posterior descending artery. It typically appears 2–7 days after MI.

A ruptured papillary muscle loses its support of the mitral valve leaflets and results in acute severe mitral regurgitation. Pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock develop rapidly.

Diagnosis is confirmed by urgent echocardiography. Treatment is usually emergency surgical mitral valve repair or replacement; without surgery mortality is very high.

Symptoms

Acute severe dyspnea
Signs of pulmonary edema
New pansystolic murmur
Cardiogenic shock
Hypotension
Diffuse pulmonary crackles
Rapid hemodynamic deterioration

Risk Factors

Acute inferior myocardial infarction
Delayed reperfusion therapy
Single-vessel disease
Advanced age
Hypertension
Female sex
Pre-existing valvular disease

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • New dyspnea and murmur after MI
  • Sudden pulmonary edema
  • Hemodynamic deterioration
  • Sudden desaturation in the intensive care unit

Treatment Methods

01
Emergency surgical mitral valve repair or replacement
02
Intra-aortic balloon pump
03
Intravenous diuretics and vasodilators
04
Inotropic support
05
Mechanical ventilation
06
Concomitant coronary revascularization

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kardiyoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.