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Left Main Coronary Artery Disease

Stenosis of the left main coronary artery threatens a large portion of the myocardium and carries a high clinical risk.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Published:

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kardiyoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Left Main Coronary Artery Disease?

The left main coronary artery (LMCA) gives rise to the left anterior descending (LAD) and left circumflex (LCx) arteries and therefore supplies a large portion of the left ventricular myocardium. A significant stenosis in this vessel jeopardizes the entire coronary circulation and is associated with high mortality.

Significant LMCA stenosis is detected in approximately 4–6% of coronary angiograms. Severity of stenosis, lesion location (ostial, shaft, bifurcation) and the presence of concomitant multivessel disease guide management.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has traditionally been the gold standard; however, in selected anatomies percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting is also an accepted option. Decisions should be made by a multidisciplinary heart team.

Symptoms

Severe exertional chest pain
Chest tightness at rest
Dyspnea on exertion
Syncope and presyncope
Widespread ECG changes
Signs of heart failure
Elevated risk of sudden cardiac death

Risk Factors

Uncontrolled hypertension
Diabetes mellitus
Smoking
Family history of premature coronary disease
High LDL, low HDL cholesterol
Chronic kidney disease
Longstanding atherosclerosis

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • New-onset typical anginal symptoms
  • Significant ischemia on stress testing
  • Suspected acute coronary syndrome
  • Worsening symptoms in known coronary disease

Treatment Methods

01
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) — preferred revascularization in most patients
02
Percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting in selected anatomies
03
Dual antiplatelet therapy and high-intensity statin
04
Beta-blocker and ACE inhibitor therapy
05
Cardiac rehabilitation
06
Strict risk factor control and regular follow-up

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kardiyoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.