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Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Abnormal thickening of the heart muscle is among the most common causes of sudden death in young athletes.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Published:

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kardiyoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a disease in which the left ventricular wall becomes abnormally thickened because of genetic causes, not as a response to increased load. Mutations in sarcomeric protein genes are responsible.

If septal thickening narrows the outflow tract, obstructive HCM results; in that setting, blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta is impaired. Diastolic dysfunction and myocardial ischemia are other features.

HCM is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death during exercise in young athletes. It can be detected with echocardiography. Family screening and risk assessment are vital.

Symptoms

Exertional dyspnea and fatigue
Angina-like chest pain
Fainting or pre-syncope with exertion
Palpitations and arrhythmias
Signs of heart failure in advanced disease
Asymptomatic (may be detected on routine examination)

Risk Factors

Genetic predisposition (autosomal dominant inheritance)
Family history of HCM or early sudden death
Intense athletic activity (increases risk)
Hypertension (adds further load)
Obstructive form (more symptomatic)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Screening echocardiography when there is a family history of HCM or unexplained sudden death
  • Urgent evaluation if syncope or chest pain occurs with exertion
  • Risk stratification and genetic counseling for newly diagnosed patients
  • Regular cardiology follow-up and assessment of sports participation

Treatment Methods

01
Beta-blockers and calcium-channel blockers (symptom control)
02
Mavacamten (myosin inhibitor — a new targeted therapy)
03
Alcohol septal ablation or surgical myectomy (in obstructive disease)
04
ICD (in patients at high risk of sudden death)
05
Avoidance of high-intensity athletic activity

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kardiyoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.