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Endocarditis-Related Mitral Regurgitation

Acute mitral regurgitation caused by leaflet perforation, chordal rupture or vegetations in infective endocarditis.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Published:

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kardiyoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Endocarditis-Related Mitral Regurgitation?

During infective endocarditis, vegetations on the mitral leaflets, leaflet perforation or rupture of the chordae tendineae may produce acute mitral regurgitation. This is one of the most serious complications of infective endocarditis and leads to rapid clinical deterioration.

The most common pathogens are Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci. Mitral regurgitation develops in 40–50% of native valve endocarditis and at higher rates in prosthetic valve endocarditis.

Diagnosis is based on transesophageal echocardiography (showing vegetations, perforation or chordal rupture) together with blood cultures. Treatment requires long-term intravenous antibiotics; emergency surgery (valve repair or replacement) is indicated for hemodynamic deterioration or uncontrolled infection.

Symptoms

Fever and chills
Sudden severe dyspnea
Pulmonary edema
New loud murmur
Fatigue and malaise
Signs of peripheral embolism
Palpitations and hypotension

Risk Factors

Rheumatic valvular disease
Mitral valve prolapse
Intravenous drug use
Immunosuppression
Prosthetic valve
Diabetes and chronic kidney disease
Poor dental hygiene

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Fever with a new cardiac murmur
  • Sudden dyspnea
  • Signs of pulmonary edema
  • Embolic signs (stroke, limb ischemia)
  • Hemodynamic deterioration in known endocarditis
  • Positive blood cultures

Treatment Methods

01
Long-term intravenous antibiotics
02
Emergency surgery in hemodynamic compromise
03
Mitral valve repair or replacement
04
Pulmonary edema treatment (diuretics, vasodilators)
05
Assessment of anticoagulation
06
Infectious diseases consultation
07
Long-term endocarditis prophylaxis

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kardiyoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.