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Cardiac Tamponade

Rapidly accumulating pericardial fluid compresses the heart and causes circulatory collapse.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Published:

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kardiyoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Cardiac Tamponade?

Cardiac tamponade is an emergency caused by rapid accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space, which raises intrapericardial pressure and impairs diastolic filling of the heart. Even a small volume of fluid (100–200 mL) can cause tamponade if it accumulates quickly.

The classic Beck triad consists of hypotension, raised jugular venous pressure and muffled heart sounds. Pulsus paradoxus is another important finding. Hemodynamics deteriorate rapidly and cardiac arrest may ensue.

Diagnosis is made by emergency echocardiography. Treatment involves pericardiocentesis to drain the fluid; surgical pericardial window may be required depending on the underlying cause.

Symptoms

Sudden dyspnea
Hypotension and tachycardia
Jugular venous distension
Pulsus paradoxus
Muffled heart sounds
Cool, pale skin
Altered mental status

Risk Factors

Malignancy
Uremia
Tuberculosis
Aortic dissection
Post-cardiac surgery
Trauma
Anticoagulant use

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Sudden dyspnea and hypotension
  • Deterioration in a known pericarditis patient
  • Circulatory compromise after trauma
  • Hemodynamic instability after cardiac surgery

Treatment Methods

01
Emergency echo-guided pericardiocentesis
02
Intravenous fluid support
03
Pericardial catheter drainage
04
Surgical pericardial window
05
Treatment of the underlying cause
06
Avoidance of diuretics

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kardiyoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.