A comprehensive treatment program designed to help patients regain movement, balance, and daily living skills after neurological conditions such as stroke, brain injury, and spinal cord injury.
Indication
- Muscle weakness, balance, and gait disorders after stroke
- Loss of function after head trauma or brain surgery
- Spinal cord injuries (paraplegia or tetraplegia)
- Chronic neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease
- Peripheral nerve injuries and Bell's palsy
- Cerebral palsy and developmental neurological disorders
- Neurological conditions accompanied by speech, swallowing, or balance problems
Preparation
- Bring neurology or neurosurgery reports and imaging studies
- Inform the physician about medications used (especially antiepileptics or blood thinners)
- Coming with a companion is recommended if mobility is limited
- Bring assistive devices such as orthoses, canes, or walkers
- Share previous rehabilitation notes
How it's performed
- A detailed neurological examination and functional scales are applied
- Neurodevelopmental techniques such as Bobath and PNF are planned individually
- Gait, balance, and transfer (bed-to-chair) training are performed
- Fine motor skills, hand function, and activities of daily living are practiced
- A multidisciplinary approach is used together with the speech therapist and other team members
- Additional treatments are evaluated for problems such as spasticity and contractures
Post-procedure
- The first 6 months after stroke are considered the 'golden period'; intensive work is done in this phase
- The treatment plan is updated through 4-6 week assessments
- Family and caregivers receive training on home programs and transfer techniques
- Assistive devices, orthoses, and home adaptations are planned
- Long-term maintenance and reassessment programs are continued
Risks
- Risk of falling due to excessive fatigue and decreased attention
- Increased spasticity or musculoskeletal pain
- Pressure ulcers (in cases of prolonged immobility)
- Possible development of joint contractures (stiffness)
- Loss of motivation when goals cannot be fully achieved
FAQ
When should rehabilitation begin after a stroke?
Early rehabilitation is started as soon as the patient is medically stable, often within the first weeks. The first 6 months are the most productive period for regaining function.
Can walking become possible again?
It depends on factors such as the type and extent of the stroke and the initial muscle strength. Walking with assistive devices or independent walking can be the goal in many patients.
How can the family contribute to the process?
The family plays an active role in home safety arrangements, transfer techniques, and follow-up of exercises. Training sessions support this process.
How long does the treatment last?
The intensive rehabilitation phase is measured in weeks to months; however, lifelong maintenance programs may be needed to preserve gained function.
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