A diagnostic method in which skin lesions are examined under magnification with a special optical device. It is used for the early evaluation of suspicious moles.
Indication
- Suspicious pigmented lesions (moles showing changes in color, border, or size)
- Periodic monitoring of individuals with multiple atypical moles
- Screening in individuals with a family history of melanoma
- Lesions suspected of basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer
- Trichoscopy for scalp disorders
- Differential diagnosis of nail changes (onychoscopy)
Preparation
- No makeup, cream, or self-tanning products on the skin
- Shaving may be required in hair-bearing areas before examination
- Bringing previous dermoscopy images, if available, for comparison
How it's performed
- The physician applies a dermatoscope, a magnifying device with illumination, in contact with the skin
- The lesion surface is imaged using polarized light or gel
- The lesion is evaluated using the ABCDE rule (asymmetry, border irregularity, color, diameter, evolution)
- High-resolution digital images of suspicious areas are recorded
- In patients with multiple moles, a total body photographic map may be created
- Lesions deemed suspicious are marked for biopsy
Post-procedure
- If no atypical findings, an annual dermoscopy check is recommended for low-risk individuals
- For individuals with multiple atypical moles or a family history, digital follow-up every 3-6 months
- Comparative evaluation with previous images is performed
- Excisional biopsy is planned in case of suspicious change
- Patients are taught self-examination of the skin
Risks
- The procedure itself is painless and non-invasive
- Dermoscopy alone does not provide a definitive diagnosis; biopsy is required for suspicious lesions
- Although low, there is a small possibility of missing early-stage lesions
- A temporary feeling of stickiness from the gel may occur after the examination
FAQ
Is dermoscopy painful?
No. The device is gently placed on the skin; no incision or injection is involved. The procedure takes a few minutes.
Should every mole be examined?
If risk factors (fair skin, multiple moles, family history, sun exposure) are present, mapping all moles is helpful. Otherwise, changing or newly appearing moles take priority.
How often should digital mole monitoring be performed?
An annual check is recommended for low-risk individuals; every 3-6 months for those with atypical mole syndrome or higher risk.
Does the dermoscopy result give a definitive diagnosis?
No. Dermoscopy is an aid to diagnosis; for a definitive diagnosis in suspicious cases, biopsy and pathological examination are required.
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