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Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Conn Syndrome)

Hypertension caused by excess aldosterone.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Internal Medicine department. Book Appointment →

What is Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Conn Syndrome)?

Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome) is characterized by autonomous secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex. It is identified as the underlying cause in 5-10% of patients with resistant hypertension and is a treatable cause of secondary hypertension.

The most common etiologies are bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (60-70%) and an aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma (30-40%). Aldosterone causes hypertension by increasing sodium and water retention and hypokalemia by increasing potassium excretion.

The screening test is the aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR). Confirmatory tests (saline infusion, fludrocortisone suppression test) and lateralization (adrenal venous sampling) complete the diagnostic workup.

Symptoms

Hypertension (often resistant)
Hypokalemia (muscle weakness, cramps)
Polyuria and nocturia
Headache
Metabolic alkalosis
May be asymptomatic (in normokalemic forms)

Risk Factors

Resistant hypertension (uncontrolled despite ≥3 medications)
Hypertension with hypokalemia
Adrenal incidentaloma plus hypertension
Hypertension or stroke at a young age
Family history of early-onset hypertension

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If hypertension cannot be controlled with 3 or more medications
  • If hypertension is accompanied by hypokalemia
  • If hypertension is diagnosed at a young age
  • If an adrenal mass is found together with hypertension

Treatment Methods

01
Unilateral adenoma: laparoscopic adrenalectomy (curative)
02
Bilateral hyperplasia: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (spironolactone, eplerenone)
03
Potassium replacement (if hypokalemia is present)
04
Salt-restricted diet
05
Additional antihypertensive therapy (when needed)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Endokrinoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.