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Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (IgA Vasculitis)

The most common systemic vasculitis in children, with skin, joint, GI, and kidney involvement.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları department. Book Appointment →

What is Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (IgA Vasculitis)?

HSP is an IgA-mediated immune-complex vasculitis of small vessels. Pediatric incidence is around 20/100,000 and it is most common between ages 3 and 10. It often follows an upper respiratory tract infection.

The clinical tetrad includes palpable purpura on the lower extremities and buttocks, arthritis/arthralgia (knee, ankle), abdominal pain (with bleeding or intussusception), and nephritis. Renal involvement defines prognosis.

Most cases resolve spontaneously within 4-6 weeks. Corticosteroids are considered for severe abdominal pain and nephritis. Long-term risk of chronic kidney disease is 1-2%.

Symptoms

Palpable purpura on legs and buttocks
Arthritis or arthralgia of knee and ankle
Colicky abdominal pain
Hematochezia or melena
Hematuria and proteinuria
Scrotal swelling in boys

Risk Factors

Male sex
Age 3-10
Recent upper respiratory infection
Group A streptococcal infection
Some vaccinations
Drug exposures

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When palpable purpura is noticed
  • Severe abdominal pain or vomiting
  • Bloody stools
  • Hematuria detected
  • Scrotal swelling

Treatment Methods

01
Supportive care: rest, hydration, analgesia
02
NSAIDs for joint pain
03
Corticosteroids for severe abdominal pain or nephritis
04
Severe nephritis: immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide
05
Renal monitoring with regular blood pressure and urinalysis for 6 months
06
Screening for intussusception in cases with abdominal pain

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.