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Chronic Kidney Disease in Children

Progressive impairment of kidney function may threaten the child's growth, bone health and life quality.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları department. Book Appointment →

What is Chronic Kidney Disease in Children?

CKD is irreversible reduction of kidney function and progresses to end-stage renal disease.

In paediatric patients, congenital structural anomalies (CAKUT), reflux nephropathy and cystic diseases are most common.

It is staged 1–5 according to GFR; renal replacement (dialysis, transplantation) is required at end stage.

Symptoms

Growth retardation and short stature
Anaemia (pallor, fatigue)
Hypertension and oedema
Polyuria, nocturia and enuresis
Loss of appetite and weight loss
Bone pain and rickets findings (renal osteodystrophy)
School absenteeism and concentration disturbance

Risk Factors

Congenital kidney malformation (CAKUT)
Vesicoureteral reflux and recurrent pyelonephritis
Polycystic kidney disease (autosomal recessive)
Glomerulonephritis (FSGS, IgA nephropathy)
Family history (Alport syndrome)
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (adolescent)
Nephrotoxic drug use (NSAID, aminoglycoside)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Paediatric nephrology referral is required if growth retardation, hypertension and proteinuria are present
  • Urgent renal biopsy is required for high creatinine and rapidly declining GFR
  • Dialysis-transplantation centre planning must be done at advanced stage
  • Annual cardiovascular evaluation is essential

Treatment Methods

01
ACE inhibitor (renin-angiotensin blockade) and antihypertensive
02
Erythropoietin and iron preparation for anaemia
03
Phosphate binder and active vitamin D for renal osteodystrophy
04
Growth hormone therapy (in growth-retarded child)
05
Salt and protein restricted diet (controlled)
06
Renal replacement therapy (peritoneal dialysis, kidney transplantation)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.